Subject-Verb Agreement
Menyelaraskan Subjek dan Kata Kerja
Hukum tertinggi dalam bahasa Inggris: Subjek dan Kata Kerja harus "akur" jumlahnya. Jika subjeknya tunggal, kata kerjanya harus bentuk tunggal. Jika subjeknya jamak, kata kerjanya juga harus bentuk jamak.
"Subjek Singular mencari Verb Singular. Subjek Plural mencari Verb Plural."
⚖️ Timbangan "S" (Mnemonic)
Ingat pepatah ini: "Si Single butuh es, si Rombongan nggak butuh es."
Singular (Tunggal)
He, She, It, Budi
➔ Kata kerja menarik akhiran -s / -es (Plays, Is, Has)
He, She, It, Budi
➔ Kata kerja menarik akhiran -s / -es (Plays, Is, Has)
Plural (Jamak)
They, We, Cats
➔ Kata kerja menolak -s / -es (Play, Are, Have)
They, We, Cats
➔ Kata kerja menolak -s / -es (Play, Are, Have)
🔘 The "And" Rule
Dua subjek yang dihubungkan dengan kata And selalu menjadi Jamak (Plural).
E.g. Andi and Budi are playing.
E.g. The dog and the cat sleep outside.
E.g. Andi and Budi are playing.
E.g. The dog and the cat sleep outside.
🔘 The "Or / Nor" Rule
Jika dihubungkan dengan Or atau Nor, kata kerja mengikuti subjek yang paling dekat dengannya.
E.g. Andi or his friends are coming.
E.g. His friends or Andi is coming.
E.g. Andi or his friends are coming.
E.g. His friends or Andi is coming.
🔘 The "I & You" Exception
Subjek I dan You memang tunggal (satu orang), tapi mereka kebal hukum! Mereka memakai aturan kata kerja Jamak (tanpa -s).
E.g. I play, You have.
E.g. I play, You have.
⚠️ THE ILLUSION TRAPS (Jebakan Mematikan)
1. Jebakan "Everyone" (Indefinite Pronouns)
Kata Everyone, Everybody, Someone, Nobody, Anyone terdengar seperti rombongan/banyak orang. Padahal, dalam grammar, mereka dianggap TUNGGAL (Singular)!
❌ Everyone are happy.
✅ Everyone is happy.
2. Jebakan Preposisi Pembatas
Abaikan kata-kata yang diapit oleh of, with, as well as, atau along with. Fokus pada subjek utamanya saja!
❌ The box of chocolates are expensive. (Salah, karena subjeknya Box, bukan chocolates).
✅ The box of chocolates is expensive.
Kata Everyone, Everybody, Someone, Nobody, Anyone terdengar seperti rombongan/banyak orang. Padahal, dalam grammar, mereka dianggap TUNGGAL (Singular)!
❌ Everyone are happy.
✅ Everyone is happy.
2. Jebakan Preposisi Pembatas
Abaikan kata-kata yang diapit oleh of, with, as well as, atau along with. Fokus pada subjek utamanya saja!
❌ The box of chocolates are expensive. (Salah, karena subjeknya Box, bukan chocolates).
✅ The box of chocolates is expensive.
| Subjek | To Be (Present / Past) | Do / Have | Action Verb |
|---|---|---|---|
| I (Saya) | am / was | do / have | play / go |
| He, She, It, Nama Tunggal | is / was | does / has | plays / goes |
| You, We, They, Nama Jamak | are / were | do / have | play / go |
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