TOEFL Skill: Subject-Verb Agreement

Subject-Verb Agreement

TOEFL Preparation Series: Master Singular and Plural Concordance

💡 Konsep Dasar: Menyelaraskan Subjek dan Kata Kerja

Aturan dasar **Subject-Verb Agreement** menyatakan bahwa subjek tunggal (*singular*) membutuhkan kata kerja tunggal, sedangkan subjek jamak (*plural*) membutuhkan kata kerja jamak. Namun, TOEFL sering menyelipkan kata pengecoh di antara keduanya.

Tipe Subjek	Karakteristik TOEFL	Contoh Benar ($Subject \leftrightarrow Verb$)
Singular (Tunggal)	Kata benda tanpa akhiran s/es. Kata kerja masa kini (*present*) menggunakan akhiran s/es atau *is/was*.	The door to the rooms is locked.
Plural (Jamak)	Kata benda dengan akhiran s/es. Kata kerja masa kini tanpa s/es atau *are/were*.	The doors to the room are locked.
Indefinite Pronoun	Kata seperti *everyone, somebody, anything, each, every* selalu dianggap **Tunggal**.	Everyone in the buildings has left.

STRATEGI ANTI-JEBAKAN: Abaikan semua kata benda yang berada di dalam *Prepositional Phrase* (frasa yang diawali *in, of, to, at, with, etc.*) saat menentukan subjek asli. Fokuslah pada kata benda utama sebelum kata depan pertama!

📝 Contoh Soal TOEFL (Error Identification)

Pilihlah huruf di bawah kata atau frasa yang salah secara gramatikal:

The development (A) of new renewable energy sources have (B) significantly decreased dependence (C) on traditional fossil fuels (D).

Kunci Jawaban: B (have)
Pembahasan: Frasa *of new renewable energy sources* hanyalah sebuah *prepositional phrase* penjelas. Subjek asli kalimat ini berada di depan, yaitu kata benda tunggal The development. Karena subjeknya tunggal (*singular*), penggunaan kata kerja bantu jamak *have* salah. Kata tersebut harus diganti menjadi bentuk tunggalnya, yaitu has (*has significantly decreased*).

🎯 Interactive Practice Quiz

Uji ketelitian Anda menyelaraskan subjek dan predikat di bawah ini. Klik opsi jawaban yang salah secara gramatikal!

Question 1: Find the error phrase:
The newly installed(A) software program for tracking digital footprints were(B) highly praised by the online forum(C) moderators yesterday(D).

A. installed

B. were

C. by the online forum

D. yesterday

Question 2: Find the error phrase:
Each of the students(A) who participated in the environmental art exhibition have(B) received a certificate made of(C) repurposed materials(D).

A. of the students

B. have

C. made of

D. materials

Question 3: Find the error phrase:
The severe property damage(A) caused by the recent landslides show(B) the urgent need for better(C) disaster mitigation strategies(D).

A. damage

B. show

C. for better

D. strategies

Question 4: Find the error phrase:
Several advanced features(A) of the biometric sensor, including facial recognition, prevents(B) identity theft and unauthorized access(C) to the cloud storage(D).

A. features

B. prevents

C. and unauthorized access

D. storage

Question 5: Find the error phrase:
The instructions accompanied(A) the new gadgets explains(B) how to configure the Wi-Fi router to avoid(C) an unstable connection(D).

A. accompanied

B. explains

C. to avoid

D. connection